THE

WORKS

OF

NATHANIEL LARDNER, D.D.

IN FIVE VOLUMES.

VOL. IV.

LONDON:

PRINTED BY T. BENSLEY,

Bolt Court, Fleet Street,

FOR

THOMAS HAMILTON, 33, PATERNOSTER ROW.

1815.

DIVINITY SCHOOL

LIBRARY

VARD UNIVERSITY

7880

609 Fardner H

XII.

XIV.

The Emperor Titus Antoninus the Pious

XV.

XVI.

XVII.

XVIII.

Bruttius Præsens

Phlegon, Thallus, and Dionysius the Areopagite

Sect, 1. The Emperor Marcus Antoninus the Philosopher

2. Of the Persecutions in his Time

S. A remarkable Deliverance of this Emperor in his Wars in Ger-
many, and the History of the Thundering Legion. considered

Apuleius of Madaura in Africa

A general account of the early adversaries of the Christians, who wrote

against them: Celsus, Porphyry, Hierocles, Julian, Fronto, and some

others

Celsus

Sect. 1. His time, and character, and his work against the Christians

2. Passages in Celsus, representing the Jewish expectation of the

Messiah

3. Passages of Celsus containing references to the books of the

New Testament

3

106

11

109

43

117

51

136

56

4. Fassages of Celsus concerning Christian Facts, chiefly such

as are recorded in the New Testament

120

13. Three summaries of the fragments of the works of Celsus pre-

served in Origen, made by three several learned men

Lucian of Samosata

XIX.

XX.

XXI.

Galen

XXII.

XXIII.

XXIV.

The persecution of Severus, and Spartian's testimony to it

Diogenes Laertius

XXV.

Alexander Severus

222 177

XXVII.

Dion Cassius

181

XXVIII. The persecution of Maximin the First, or the Thracian

235

186

XXIX. The Emperor Philip,--The question considered, whether he was

244

187

Christian

XXXVII. Porphyry

XLII.

XLIII.

XLIV.

XXXVIII. Six writers of the Augustan history

XXXIX. Two authors who wrote against the Christians in the time of Dioclesian's

persecution, the one anonymous, the other supposed to be Hierocles.

Where also of Apollonius Tyanæus, and the two lives of Pythagoras

written by Porphyry and Jamblichus

XL.

XLI.

An Appendix to Chap. XXXIX.

Dioclesian's persecution of the Christians

A review of the foregoing period, from the beginning of the third century

to the conversion of Constantine: with some general observations

upon the state of Christianity under heathen emperors

Chalcidius

308 252

271

303-313

275

295

XLV.

Bemarchius

310

XLVI.

The Emperor Julian

361

311

XLVII.

Himerius

.363

349

XLVIII

Themistius

364

350

A review of the Jewish and Heathen testimonies in the several volumes of

this work

430

The State of Gentilism under Christian Emperors.

SECT

1 Imperial laws concerning Gentile people and their worship

2 A Consultation and Divination of heathen people in the time of Valens, about the year 373

3 The Petition of the Roman senate to Valentinian the younger in the year 384, that the Altar of

Victory, which had been removed by Gratian, might be restored

4 The Correspondence between Maximus of Madaura and Augustine in the year 390

6 A pretended Heathen Oracle in the year 398, foretelling the period of the Christian religion

7 The demolition of the temple of the goddess Coelestis at Carthage, in the

year 399

8 An image of Hercules destroyed by the Christians at Suffecta, in Africa, in the year 399

9 A disturbance at Calama in Numidia in the year 408

-

PAGE

435

445

454

466

5 The demolition of the temple of Serapis at Alexandria, and other temples in Egypt, and some

temples elsewhere, in the year 391

10 The overthrow of Rhadagaisus, a Gothic Prince, in the year 405

11 Rome besieged, taken, and sacked by Alaric the Goth, in the year 410

12 The Correspondence between Augustine and Volusian in the year 412

13 The Correspondence between the people of Madaura and Augustine; time uncertain

14 The Correspondence between Augustine and Longinian; time uncertain

15 Observations of Orosius and Augustine upon the treatment given to the Gentiles by Christian

magistrates

16 Concluding observations upon the state of Gentilism under

4 Many mistakes in the writings of those who have published the History of Heresies accounted for

5 The number of Heresies hath been augmented without sufficient reason

AGE

505

506

508

509

510

10 They made great use of the scriptures

521

523

525

526

527

16 Heretics were not in general solicitous about little matters, and were moderate towards those who

differed from them

529

8 Heretics have been greatly calumniated

9 The ancient Heretics believed the Unity of God

11 Some of them also used apocryphal books

12 They respected the apostles and apostolic traditions

13 The ancient Heresiarchs were generally men of letters, and are said to have borrowed most of
their peculiar notions from some of the sects of philosophers

14 This variety of opinion is no just objection against the truth of the Christian religion
15 Curiosity and Inquisitiveness of mind were dispositions frequently indulged by Heretics

17 Pernicious consequences supposed to arise from some of their doctrines, were charged upon them,

though they did not admit them

18 The seeds of these Heresies were sown in the days of the apostles

5 He believed the world was made by angels, the chief of whom presided over the Jews

537

6 His opinions concerning the person of Christ

538

7 Of the story of Simon the Cyrenian, and whether he believed that Christ suffered

ib.

11 He believed that the soul only would be saved

13 A probable account of the foundation of this charge

14 He is also accused of using magic and incantations

8 Beausobre's view of the sentiments of Basilides concerning Christ

9 He believed the baptism of Jesus

10 He is said to have partaken of things offered to idols, and to have denied the necessity or reason-

ableness of suffering martyrdom

12 He is falsely accused of believing that actions are indifferent in their own nature

15 Of the meaning of Caulacau, and his definition of faith and hope

16 of the name Abraxas, which he is said to have given to the prince of the heavens

540

ib.

541

ib.

542

543

544

345

ib.