Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, Volume 1 |
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Common terms and phrases
Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount applied ascendant community capitalist causes circulating capital condition considerable consumed consumption corn cultivation dealers degree demand diminished division of labour duction ductive effect employment England equivalent exertion existing expenditure expense farmer farms favourable Flanders flax funds greater gross produce human hundred quarters improvement income increase individual industry instruments instruments of production kind labour employed labouring classes land landlord laws less limited machinery maintain mankind manufacture manure materials means ment metayer modes nations natural agents necessary nomical objects obtained occupations operations paid peasant persons plough political economy population portion possession principle productive consumers productive labourers productive power profit proportion proprietors purpose quantity racter remuneration render rent rich saving society soil subsistence sufficient supply suppose surplus taxes things thousand pounds tion unproductive wants wealth whole workmen
Popular passages
Page 244 - It is not so with the Distribution of Wealth. That is a matter of human institution solely. The things once there, mankind, individually or collectively, can do with them as they like.
Page 244 - The distribution of wealth, therefore, depends on the laws and customs of society. The rules by which it is determined, are what the opinions and feelings of the ruling portion of the community make them, and are very different in different ages and countries; and might be still more different, if mankind so chose.
Page 335 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Page 230 - It is in vain to say that all mouths which the increase of mankind calls into existence bring with them hands. The new mouths require as much food as the old ones, and the hands do not produce as much.
Page 249 - The objection ordinarily made to a system of community of property and equal distribution of the produce, that each person would be incessantly occupied in evading his fair share of the work, points, undoubtedly, to a real difficulty.
Page 284 - The community has too much at stake in the proper cultivation of the land, and in the conditions annexed to the occupancy of it, to leave these things to the discretion of a class of persons called landlords, when they have shown themselves unfit for the trust.
Page 152 - Secondly, the advantage which is gained by saving the time commonly lost in passing from one sort of work to another, is much greater than we should at first view be apt to imagine it. It is impossible to pass very quickly from one kind of work to another, that is carried on in a different place, and with quite different tools.
Page 322 - The peasant harrows and clears his land till it is in the nicest order, and it is admirable to see the crops which he obtains."* "The peasantsf are the great and ever-present objects of country life. They are the great population of the country, because they themselves are the possessors. This country is, in fact, for the most part, in the hands of the people. It is parcelled out among the multitude The peasants are not, as with us, for the most part, totally cut off from property in the soil they...
Page 470 - A mason or bricklayer, on the contrary, can work neither in hard frost nor in foul weather, and his employment at all other times depends upon the occasional calls of his customers. He is liable, in consequence, to be frequently without any. What he earns, therefore, while he is employed, must not only maintain him while he is idle, but make him some compensation for those anxious and desponding moments which the thought of so precarious a situation must sometimes occasion.
Page 472 - How extravagant soever the fees of counsellors-at-law may sometimes appear, their real retribution is never equal to this. Compute in any particular place, what is likely to be annually gained, and what is likely to be annually spent, by all the different workmen in any common trade, such as that of shoemakers or weavers, and you will find that the former sum will generally exceed the latter. But make the same computation with regard to all the counsellors and students of law, in all the different...