Principles of Scientific Socialism |
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abolish abolition advantage amount average become capital capitalist class capitalist cost cause cent chattel slavery commodities competition constant capital consume cost of production creates demand depends displaced duction economic want emancipation of labor employed employer employment equal evils exchange exchange-value exploitation fact factory genius human idleness increase individual industrial revolution industry instruments of production intemperance interest inventions labor embodied labor-time laborers and capitalists land landed nobility machine machinery manufacturing means of production ment method modern modity necessary nomic obliged opportunity owner political poverty present system price of labor-power principle private ownership productivity of labor profit progress proletariat raw materials realized reduced render rent result revolution saving Says Prof secure sell single tax theory slave social labor Socialists society standard of living supply surplus-labor surplus-value thousands tion to-day true use-value useless wage slavery waste wealth whole women workers workmen
Popular passages
Page 145 - And if thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him : yea, though he be a stranger, or a sojourner; that he may live with thee.
Page 149 - The natural price of labour is that price which is necessary to enable the labourers, one with another, to subsist and to perpetuate their race, without either increase or diminution.
Page 17 - The machine, which is the starting point of the industrial revolution, supersedes the workman, who handles a single tool, by a mechanism operating with a number of similar tools...
Page 34 - The transformation of scattered private property, arising from individual labour, into capitalist private property is, naturally, a process, incomparably more protracted, violent, and difficult, than the transformation of capitalistic private property, already practically resting on socialised production, into socialised property. In the former case, we had the expropriation of the mass of the people...
Page 48 - The labour-time socially necessary is that required to produce an article under the normal conditions of production, and with the average degree of skill and intensity prevalent at the time.
Page 41 - You would be altogether mistaken in fancying that the value of labour or any other commodity whatever is ultimately fixed by supply and demand. Supply and demand regulate nothing but the temporary fluctuations of market prices. They will explain to you why the market price of a commodity rises above or sinks below its value, but they can never account for that value itself.
Page 41 - IT is the cost of production which must ultimately regulate the price of commodities, and not, as has been often said, the proportion between the supply and demand: the proportion between supply and demand may, indeed, for a time, affect the market value of a commodity, until it is supplied in greater or less abundance, according as the demand may have increased or diminished ; but this effect will be only of temporary duration.
Page 44 - In exchanging indeed the different productions of different sorts of labour for one another, some allowance is commonly made for both. It is adjusted, however, not by any accurate measure, but by the higgling and bargaining of the market, according to that sort of rough equality which, though not exact, is sufficient for carrying on the business of common life.
Page 41 - ... the prices of commodities, which are subject to competition, and whose quantity may be increased in any moderate degree, will ultimately depend, not on the state of demand and supply, but on the increased or diminished cost of their production.
Page 41 - We see then that that which determines the magnitude of the value of any article is the amount of labour socially necessary, or the labour-time socially necessary for its production.