...itself the power of "managing all affairs with the Indians not members of any of the States," but also provided that the "legislative right of any State, within its own limits, be not infringed" (Articles of Confederation 1781). This essentially codified a dichotomy between national and local...

...congress assembled the sole and exclusive right of "regulating the trade and managing all the affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the states: provided that the legislative power of any state within its own limits be not infringed or violated." The ambiguous phrases which...

...standard of weights and measures through the United States; regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians not members of any of the states;...infringed or violated; establishing and regulating post offices from one State to another throughout all the United States, and exacting such postage...

...weights and measures throughout the United States — regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the States,...limits be not infringed or violated — establishing or regulating post offices from one State to another, throughout all the United States, and exacting...

...weights and measures throughout the United States — regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the States,...limits be not infringed or violated — establishing or regulating post offices from one State to another, throughout all the United States, and exacting...

...Congress "the sole and exclusive right and power of ... regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the States...within its own limits be not infringed or violated." The conditional clause made this article practically impossible to construe; James Madison declared...

...also have the sole and exclusive right and power of ... regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the States,...within its own limits be not infringed or violated." As early as 1784, when he and the Marquis de Lafayette negotiated with New York Indians on behalf of...

...of Confederation both stipulated Congress's authority and muddied the waters with a proviso stating that "the legislative right of any State within its own limits be not infringed or violated." 29 States negotiated treaties with native people, often under very dubious conditions and on occasion...

...weights and measures throughout the united states — regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the states,...post-offices from one state to another, throughout all the united states, and exacting such postage on the papers passing through the same as may be requisite...

...weights and measures throughout the united states — regulating the trade and managing all affairs with the Indians, not members of any of the states,...of any state within its own limits be not infringed ot violated — establishing and regulating post-offices from one state to another, throughout all...